La classe des adverbiaux praxéologiques dans les écrits médicaux roumains et français du domaine de l’ophtalmologie
The class of adverbial phrases in Romanian and French medical writings in the field of ophthalmology

Summary/Abstract: Pre-eminently, medical translation is a scientific translation which requires one to rigorously observe the rules of precision, clarity and appropriateness of employed terms. Starting with the second half of the 19th century, Romanian medical terminology has undergone a process of modernisation under the influence of French. Romanian medical terms borrowed from French have undergone a process of adaptation to the rules of Romanian valid for all other neologisms. As far as French is concerned, one may notice that the processes of suffix, prefix and compound derivation provide the terms necessary for the expression of anatomical, pathogenic and therapeutic aspects specific to each disease. For example, one can form by affix derivation innumerable adjectives: pigmentaire, papillaire, lamellaire, oculaire, choroïdien, atrophique, osseux, épithélial, conjonctival, etc or nouns: ossification, décollement, orgelet, hémorragie, etc. Often the adjective or noun derivatives lie at the basis of compound words: astrocytaire, érytrocytaire, radiologique, histopathologique, intraoculaire, mésenchymateux, endophytique ; cryothérapie, dystrophie, érytrocytes, photocoagulation, ultrasonographie, métaplasie, angiofluorographie, etc. Regarding Romanian, one may notice that the borrowed French terms are perfectly adapted to the morphological and orthographical system of the Romanian language ; moreover, certain simple or compound adjectives, as for instance : macular, papilar, ultrasonografic, angiofluorografic, parapapilar, etc. can be employed as adverbs without any formal modification. Our aim is to examine different possibilities of translating into French such adjectives employed as adverbs as a result of inadequate derivation. The corpus of examples is provided by texts belonging to the field of ophthalmology. During the translation process, one must also make certain syntactical changes in order to find the best solutions for expressing in French the adjectives used as adverbs in Romanian.

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