L’ultimo conflitto prima della Grande Guerra: l’Italia del Risorgimento contro l’Impero ottoman (1911-1912)
The last conflict before the First World War: The Risorgimento Italy against the Ottoman Empire (1911-1912)

Summary/Abstract: In 1911 Italy was an important partner of Turkey for the Army officials’ training of the Empire, but in the international “equilibrium” Rome wanted to catch the last possibility to extend the power of the “young Italian nation” to his “fourth side”. So in Autumn 1911 the Italian military expedition in Tripolitania and Cyrenaica opened a new season of hope for Balkans nations to conquer national territory and freedom against Turks. Bulgarians, Greeks, Serbians and Montenegrins are mobilized to launch an new war against the Ottoman power with the help of the Italian attack in Africa and in the Aegean area. Italy of “Risorgimento” is for the Balkan young nations and their public opinions a good sample of national independence. But the Italian policy against Turks didn’t want to be too stronger against the Ottoman Empire, mainly to damage the Turkish “status quo” in Balkans. In Summer 1912 began the negotiations for peace, in September at Ouchy the Turkish negotiators – face to the national mobilizations in Montenegro, Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece – accepted the Italian peace conditions, signed on 18th October, recognizing the autonomy of Tripolitania and Cyrenaica. But finally, in that same time, the 1st Balkan war exploded between Balkan countries and the Ottoman Empire, as the premise of a “Great” war of “young” nations against “old” empires.

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