Czym jest mowa nienawiści?
What is hate speech?

Summary/Abstract: The expression hate speech should be replaced with a more precise term hate rhetoric or hate strategy. It comprises three types of linguistic behaviour: building an image of an individual or a group composed of discrediting and stigmatising characteristics that form a stereotype; reinforcing this image in a manner that creates the impression that the individual or the group poses a threat to an imaginary order, is its enemy (dehumanisation and demonisation of the image of the enemy), and – based on such a justifi cation – arousing the sense of duty to discriminate, marginalise or eliminate it. Hate rhetoric is pursued from the position of people in power (not necessarily literally), its nature is substitutionary for acts of violence and constitutes infringement on the human right to equality and dignity.

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