Kommunikáció az idegsejtek között
Communication Among Neurons

Summary/Abstract: Chemical communication of cells has resulted in the development of two types of regulatory systems, the humoral and the neural regulation. Neural regulation is performed by the nervous system, and is essentially faster than humoral regulation. Neurons have long protrusions called axons, which transport the information from the cell body to the axon terminal. The high speed of this process (which can reach 100-120 m/s) is achieved by sequences of action potentials. When action potentials reach the axon, terminal neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft and reach the receptors of postsynaptic cells. Although the information pathway is unidirectional (from the presynaptic to the postsynaptic cell), presynaptic cells receive feedback from postsynaptic cells, which is important for the maintenance of the synaptic connection (keep in touch). It is also important to note that synaptic transmissions are continuously changing (disappearing and reforming) depending on need and activity – this is called synaptic plasticity, which has a basic role in learning and memory.

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