Wczesne kino jako spektakl. Przykład niemiecki
Early Film as a Spectacle. The German Example

Summary/Abstract: Taking the assumption that early films are a late form of the historical art of projection, rooted in the culture of magical lanterns and variétés theatres, as a starting point, the author points to the features of the cinematographic shows, that gave them the character of a spectacle: commenting the action on the screen, musical accompaniment, interactions with the audience, and the interactions between members of the audience themselves, while watching sets of short films forming a larger whole. This model can be found in country fair travelling cinemas (also in rented halls), as well as in first proper and purpose-built cinemas. The character of this last category is presented more closely using the example of cinemas from Wrocław, and is supplemented by a discussion of other German examples. It is only the media breakthrough, that began in Germany in the years of 1910-1911, that lead to the individual viewer following the narration of feature lenght films.

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