Проекты развития черноморской торговли (последняя четверть ХVIII — начало ХIХ в.)
The Projects of development of the Black Sea commerce (the last quarter of 18th — beginning of 19th centuries)

Summary/Abstract: The project documents (notes, remarks, comments, propositions etc.) about prospects and directions of development of the Black Sea commerce at the last quarter of 18th — at the beginning of 19th centuries are considering in the article. Authors of the projects, having being directly relevant to the commerce in the Black and Mediterranean Seas, presented in given documents their own vision of the condition of Russian Black Sea commerce and of economic development of Black Sea region, they analysed the problems of internal and external origin, which hampered the progress of Black Sea commerce. Most often, authors of the projects accented an attention exactly on internal problems of the Black Sea commerce, in particular, on lack of significant capitals and representative merchant’s firms, on the deficit of own merchant fleet, on the dominance of foreign merchants and foreign merchant fleet in the Black Sea commerce. Examination of the project documents allows to reveal systematic and chronic character of some problems in the Black Sea commerce, comprehension by the representatives of Russian and foreign merchants, clergy, officialdom etc. about origin, value and opportunities of solution of these problems. Main attention in the publication is addressed to the proposals of the authors’ projects for development of the Black Sea commerce, that allow to determine and vastly increase the list of the problems, which hindered Russian Black Sea commerce to achieve much success. Most often, particularly at the beginning of 19th century, as an effective support for development of the Black Sea commerce was offered to create a commercial company with the assistance of Russian, foreign and state capital, that allows to speak about unstable situation in the Black Sea commerce, uncertainty and indefensibility of the merchants, which tried to find in the state some financial-lawful warranties.

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