Germanizmy leksykalne w wileńskim Słowniku błędów językowych Juliana Szweda
Lexical Germanisms in Vilnius “Dictionary of Language Errors” by Julian Szwed

Summary/Abstract: The authors came to a conclusion that in the now forgotten ‘Dictionary of Language Errors’, published in Vilnius in 1931 and compiled by a local Polish scholar Julian Szwed, lexical germanisms (over 180 words) dominate. This is a surprising statement because, as the research done by linguists studying Northern Borderlands Polish language used till the present day in Vilnius and in the Vilnius area proves that loan words from German are rare in this area. When writing his handbook, Szwed most probably used not only Borderland sources, but also materials (inclu­ding the press) originating from Małopolska and Śląsk Cieszyński, both of which were territories previously annexed by Austria and which abound in germanisms. Germanisms collected in ‘Dictionary of Language Errors’ are noteworthy for researchers who study the influence of German on Polish language and they should be used as a basis for various specifications and comparisons more often. The authors presen­ted in their article those lexical germanisms recorded in the handbook by Julian Szwed which are noted by at least one of the most significant vocabulary dictionaries of Polish, i.e. – as one may presume – loan words that are more well-known (over 130 words). Only 30 percent of the excerpt is widespread. They are words noted in all dictionaries (approx. 20 percent), for instance ‘bryftreger’, ‘obstalunek’, ‘szaber’ and words certified by three dictionaries (approx. 10 percent), for instance ‘gurt’, ‘mantel’, ‘sznaps’.

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