Miejsce relatywu {który} w zdaniu podrzędnym. Zalecenia słownikowe a rzeczywistość
The Place of the Relative Pronoun {który} (which) in the Subordinate Clause. Dictionary Instructions versus Reality

Summary/Abstract: The object of consideration here is the place of the relative pronoun {który} [‘which’] in relative clauses, identifying and non-identifying. Normative dictionaries of the Polish language recommend to begin a subordinate clause with {który}. Neverthelessit in different texts one can see the relative pronoun {który} that does not open a relative clause (cf. {Była pierwszą kobietą, do widoku której tęsknił, gdy zabrakło jej w pobliżu} - (literally) ‘She was the first woman for the sight of which he was longing, when she was not close to him’). The analysis of a text corpus of considerable size (over 6 thousand examples) does not fully confirm dictionary prescriptions. The relative pronoun {który} can appear in a non-initial position assuming that: (a) - it is a non-identifying clause, (b) - {który} is an element of the nominal phrase opening the sentence, and (c) when it is preceded either by an adverbial noun ({przestąpienie} - ‘crossing (of something)’, {widok} - ‘sight’, {abdykacja} - ‘abdication’) or by an indefinite number such as {większość} - ‘majority’, {część} - ‘part’, {połowa} ‘half’ or a lexeme {skład} - ‘composition’, {rama} - ‘frame’, and also by a noun generalizing the content of the superordinate clause.

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