NTERNATIONAL TRADE AND BY NATURE FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN TUNISIA: COMPLEMENTARY OR SUBSTITUTABILITY ?
LE COMMERCE INTERNATIONAL PAR NATURE ET L’INVESTISSEMENT DIRECT ETRANGER EN TUNISIE: COMPLEMENTARITE OU SUBSTITUABILITE?

Summary/Abstract: For a long time, the theory of international trade and foreign direct investment theory were relatively disjoint. But empirical studies have generally found foreign direct investment (FDI) and trade enough related. FDI has proved to be a substitute for international trade (in the case of tariff jumping hypothesis - FDI oriented towards research market) or a complement to international trade (in the case of intra -firm trade). However, the relationship between foreign direct investment and trade has become much more complex in the current regime of the World Trade Organization (WTO) where many developing countries have undertaken the liberalization of imports and trade agreements that have significantly reduced transaction costs and promoted the free trade. With increasing volumes of trade, the attention of policy makers in developing countries has shifted, whether FDI leads to trade, whether the trade can stimulate the flow of FDI?

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