Modernybės kritika islamo fundamentalizmo ideologijoje
The Critique of Modernity in Ideology of Islamic Fundamentalism

Summary/Abstract: Šiame straipsnyje nagrinėjama islamo fundamentalizmo teorija, sąlygos, padėjusios atsirasti šiai ideologijai. Kalbama apie teorinį islamo fundamentalizmo diskursą, apie islamiškų visuomenių ypatybes, kurios atvėrė kelią radikalizacijai. Taip pat kalbama apie vieną pagrindinių islamo fundamentalizmo ideologų bei neapykantos Vakarams architektą Sayyid Qutb bei jo idėjas, turinčias milžiniškos įtakos iki šių dienų. Scholars all over the world have been asking one question – “What went wrong?” for many years already. Policymakers make it more simple and ask – “Why do they hate us?” When someone deals with the world of Islam, questions always arise. Once a leading civilization, now – a breeding ground for radicals and terrorists. What happened? The answer is very complicated. In order to understand the processes that are occurring in thew world these days, we must examine not the practical issues – who made a bomb, who exploded it, who financed it. In order to understand that we must analyse processes that are hidden behind the headlines. That is, we must analyse what happened in the world of Islam during the first half of the XXth century, we must analyse the ideological background. We will understand, as some say, why they hate us only after the analysis. Summarizing it could be said that the main problem of islamic fundamentalism lies in inadequate response to Western modernity. In fact, the world of Islam haven‘t found an answer to the question how to deal with modernity, with processes which are spreading in their world – secularism, democracy, modernization and development in general - untill now. The West evolved. The world of Islam refuses to do that. That‘s the main problem. We could say that the reaction to modernity was the emergence of the radical and xenophobic ideology, the so-called Islamic funda mentalism. The aim of this article is to analyse the emergence of Islamic fundamentalism, its ideological background. The second half of the article deals with one specific person – Sayyid Qutb, a mastermind of the hatred towards the West. We will understand the dynamics of the world of Islam much better by the means of analysis of these issues.

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