Zmiany na rynkach pracy i ich determinanty w krajach Grupy Wyszehradzkiej w latach 2004-2013
Labour market changes and their determinants in the Visegrad Group countries during the years 2004-2013

Summary/Abstract: Changes in the labour markets, especially concerning employment, unemployment and economic activity in the Visegrad Group Countries during the years 2004-2013 are analysed in the paper. It is tried to describe these changes and indicate their determinants in the analysed countries. Special attention is paid to direct determinants of the labour market performance which are underlined in economic theory: dynamics of output, relations of real wages and labour productivity and also some labour market institutions. The analyses show that in the period of 2004-2013 significant changes, concerning in particular unemployment, employment and economic activity, occurred in the labour markets of Visegrad Group countries. After a period of favourable changes in 2004-2008, a global crisis has revealed in 2009-2010, causing sharp declines in employment and increases in unemployment, which were, however, inhibited and partially reversed in the 2011-2013 period. The analyses indicated that these changes had resulted primarily from changes of the factors stemming from the demand side of the labour market. Certain role was played here by changes in the relationship between the dynamics of real wages and the dynamics of labour productivity and, above all, by different GDP dynamics in different countries. Labour market institutions, such as: the degree of stringency of employment protection legislation, the share of fixed-term contracts, the generosity of the unemployment benefits system, the minimum wage and the tax wedge had also significant impact on the situation in the labour markets of the Visegrad Group countries.

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