Idea federalizmu w doktrynie Michała Bakunina
The idea of federalism in Mikhail Bakunin's doctrine

Summary/Abstract: The subject of the following paper is the issue of federalism, which was absorbing Bakunin's attention since he met J. P. Proudhon - the 19th century creator of ideological foundations of federalism theory. One of the main components of Bakunin's doctrine was the concept of decentralisation. Projects of communities which were meant to work basing on the federalist principles were being opposed to growing centalisation of nation-states, additionally accused of cultural uniformisation, monopolising the power, destruction the social fabric and appropriation of regional commons. The link between religion and the institutions of the state was, in Bakunin's mind, clearly obvious, as he saw the religion as an ideological base of power and exploitation apparatus. The paper clashes two different models of federalism. Both - the theory of intrastate decentralisation and federalism as a model for peaceful European integration - are opposed to state-sovereignty theory. Both of them are visibly incoherent with 19,h century origins of federalist idea, which inspired Bakunin.

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