Samobójstwo. Refleksja psychopedagogiczna
Suicide. Psycho-Pedagogical Reflection

Summary/Abstract: The article attempts to show some aspects of suicide. The idea and inspiration of this article came from the last seminar with our students about different faces of suicide. It is simplistic to say that the topic of suicide is a complicated one. To understand suicide one must understand human behavior, and the multiple forces – biological, sociocultural, dyadic-interpersonal, cognitive, affective, unconscious – that lie behind or accompany a suicidal event. This brief review itself contains three foundational thoughts . The first one is Durheim’s sociological vision of suicide. He proposed four kinds of suicides: egoistic, altruistic, anomic, fatalistic. All of them emphasize the strength or weakness of the person’s relationships with or ties to society. The second is the psychological contribution of E. Shneidman. For him suicide is an idiosyncratic event, there are not no universals or absolutes. The best that one can reasonably hope to discuss are the most frequent (common) characteristics found in most suicides. Shneidman emphasizes that we discuss suicide in most common and ordinary language. The last one is logotherapy developed by V. Frankl. Since persons are capable of deciding, they are also responsible for their decisions. A human being is not a mere puppet of biological, hereditary and environmental forces, but is always free to take a stand for himself in spite of external circumstances. The objective of psychotherapy, based on this anthropological view is to accompany the clients on the way to finding possibilities for concrete meaning in their respective life situations. Logotherapy offers help for re-orientation and recovery by strengthening trust in the unconditional meaningfulness of life and the dignity of the person. The article concludes with a description and strategies of suicide prevention.

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