Роль Академии художеств в реставрации скульптуры в России в XVIII веке
Role of the Academy of Fine Arts in sculpture restoration in Russia in 18th century

Summary/Abstract: The article is devoted to the history of the stone sculpture restoration in Russia in the 18th century and the role of the Academy of Arts in this matter. The author made an attempt to understand and appreciate the value of the Academy activities, to emphasize the inextricable link of academic, creative and restorative processes, to trace the history and evolution of the restoration principles in the 18th century. The author also examines the stages of formation of new aesthetic ideas in Russia, the meaning of «integrity» when restoring sculptures appearance of the Summer Garden. I. I. Vien in his «Dissertations about the impact anatomy in sculpture and painting» defined the term «restoration» for the first time in Russia. P. P. Chekalevsky claimed the independent artistic value of separate sculptural fragments, which had a significant influence on the principles of restoration in the 19th century. On the basis of the surviving archival documents and invoices for restoration activities, the author confirms that the major restoration work of the unique monuments of art was made at a high level, only with consent of the Academy of Arts and academic professors N.-F. Gillet, F. G. Gordeev, V. I. Demuth-Malinovsky and others.

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