Egipt w polityce zagranicznej Stanów Zjednoczonych. Elementy ciągłości i zmiany w kontekście Arabskiej Wiosny
Egypt in the foreign policy of the United States. Elements of continuity and change in the context of the Arab Spring

Summary/Abstract: During the functioning of the bipolar system and after its collapse, one of the leading aims of foreign policy of the United States towards the Near East was to ensure stability of the Muslim befriended states by taking political, economic and even military measures. The country that played the most significant role in their policy was Egypt.During the cold war the breaking moment in bilateral relations between the Arab Republic of Egypt and the United States was signing the Camp David Accords between Egypt and Israel in 1978. The United States posed as a mediator between Egyptian and Isreali representatives. Therefore, since the 1970’s and until the Arab Spring broke out in 2011, we can talk about the influence of American-Egyptian relations on the situation in the Near East, and also how the United States strived to guarantee peace in Israel and how they tried to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict through tightening the relations between Washington and Cairo.The overthrowing of Hosni Mubarak was a starting point for the most serious crisis in the American-Egyptian relations since the Camp David Accords. It became an unprecedented challenge for the US policy towards Egypt, and involuntarily set a new trend in policy of the incumbent administration of Barack Obama. It seemed that following the overthrowing of the pro-American regime, not only would the US lose their powers in stabilizing the order in the Near East, but also a political, military and economic partner, a partner that effectively supported their actions in order for the Egyptian-Israeli treaty to keep in power. It could be inferred that the Arab Spring in Egypt would imply the end of the status quo in relations between the US and Egypt, and that the fact that it was the Islamists who took over the power would influence a change in the policy of the US towards Egypt. Despite of all new challenges in their relations, elements of continuity are visible and they are to guarantee the status quo in the Near East and the North Africa.

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