FORMY TRANSCENDENCIE VO VEDE A V NÁBOŽENSTVE
FORMS OF TRANSCENDENCE IN SCIENCE AND IN RELIGION

Summary/Abstract: In the paper we compare Ian Barbour’s four types of relationship between science and religion with Thomas Kuhn’s theory of scientific revolutions and with George Lindbeck’s theory of the nature of religious doctrine. It turns out that these three theories can be brought into correlation. On one hand Kuhn’s theory can be refined and three kinds of scientific revolutions can be discriminated, which (together with normal science) correspond to Barbour’s four types. On the other hand Lindbeck’s three views on the nature of doctrine can be complemented by a fourth view and in this way brought into correspondence with Barbour’s theory. With this fourth view on the nature of doctrine, we suggest to characterize doctrines as the forms of transcendence. In the paper we show in which ways transcendence relates to Barbour’s theory and to Kuhn’s concept of scientific revolutions. We analyze the role of theological motives in the works of Galileo, Descartes, and Newton, and show how the scientific revolution relates to the integration between science and religion.

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