Poland at the Time of Global Turbulence
Poland at the Time of Global Turbulence

Summary/Abstract: The term “turbulence,” taken from technical sciences, not only vividly but also accurately as regards the nature of changes that have been taking place since August 2008, describes the situation in which the international order has found itself.1 Turbulence is a storm which stems from contrasts and consists in abrupt, sometimes chaotic, changes in the direction of movement of molecules, causes strain and also influences fluctuations of value. Thus, this term is inherently better than the term “confusion,” often used by commentators. Confusion refers to chaos or disorder, and luckily we have avoided that. If there is any confusion, it is rather in the perception of the present situation and its interpretation. This intellectual confusion can be illustrated by the attempts to compare the crisis in international finance to the Great Depression of the years 1929–1933 or the relations with Russia in the aftermath of the Caucasus war to a new cold war.

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