Alternativní veřejné sféry během komunistického panství v Československu: paralelní prostor pro zavržené a vyloučené
Alternative Public Spheres during the Communist Era in Czechoslovakia: Parallel Space for the Reprobate and the Excluded

Summary/Abstract: The period of the Communist era in Czechoslovakia entailed a wholly different treatment with the public sphere, besides. The power-bureaucratic apparat of the Communist Party completely liquidated the authentic public domain. They replaced it by the strictly controlled quasi-public sphere, which became a space, where the regime enforced an official agreement with its doctrine. Everybody, who did not accept the new power politics, was expelled from this sphere. An unintended consequence of a newly stated status quo was the establishment of parallel communication and information systems through which the repressed part of the public attempted to ensure at least limited medialization of its opinions. These substitute alternative public spheres began to be established not only in domestic, very limited conditions by the regime, but also abroad, above all. Just a role of the Czechoslovak exile in the support of these unofficial spheres was shown to be determining in many respects. The aid of the exile public sphere was most notably evident in the connection with the growth of the organized opposition movement since 1970s. The considerable impulse for more intensive linking of alternative public exile and domestic spheres was the foundation of Charta 77. Its international character was primarily caused just by exiles who influenced public opinion in the West and spread information about violating human rights by Eastern Communist regimes.

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