Za novi pristup gramatičkoj strukturi rečenice u bosnistici
For a New Approach to the Grammatical Structure of the Clause in Bosnistics

Summary/Abstract: This article is about the approach to the grammatical structure of the clause in bosnistics. At first, I shortly presented and then analyzed the description of the clause as a grammatical unit in approximately ten Bosnian grammars. I found the addopted approach borrowed from the classical grammar and regarded as traditional. Then I noticed a relatively high level of equalness, but also differences, including even basic questions such as the list of the clause constituents, the status of the constituents, grammatical relations between the subject and the predicate, definitions of complements and adjuncts etc. I drowe a general conclusion that addopted approaches aren’t satisfactory because they lack a firm theoretical foundation, so that there are some contradictions in them. Besides, they don’t opperate well and can’t be consequently applied. Furthermore, I presented basic postulates of the two most popular theories of the clause grammar – generative grammar and dependency grammar. After the presentation I gave a short commentary in order to compare traditional and modern approaches and build a firmer theoretical base for the following discussion. Eventually, a new approach to the grammatical structure of the clause in bosnistics was suggested, with the aspiration for it to be firmly defined, logical and wide enough to be operatively absolutely appliable. The suggested approach in some of its elements borrows the postulates from dependency grammar, but in its substance it can’t be considered as its part, especially not in its most popular versions. The clause has three (or four) grammatical categories by which it is characterized as a grammatical unit: person, tense, modus (and aspect). Since only the predicate can directly denote grammatical categories of the clause, it is the constitutive clause member. Clause constituents can be only lexical word classes (verbs, nouns, pronouns, adjectives, numbers and adverbs) for they are characterized by syntactic autonomy. Grammatical word classes don’t have syntactic autonomy and can’t independently be grammatical part of the clause. Syntactic autonomy of word clases is showed by their double syntactic valency – the active and passive one. Syntactic valency of a word comes from its belonging to a specific morphosyntactic class of words.

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