EWOLUCJA OCHRONY DANYCH OSOBOWYCH NA PRZYKŁADZIE POLSKI I SZWECJI
THE EVOLUTION OF PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF POLAND AND SWEDEN

Summary/Abstract: The article discusses the origin and development of the idea of personal data protection showing its sources in inherent human dignity and protection of the right to privacy coming from it. In the beginning personal data were protected merely by the institutions of civil law. The turning point comes in the seventies of the twentieth century along with raising the protection of personal data to the statutory issue. In the article there were shown two ways of development of personal data protection on the example of Sweden and Poland. Sweden as a state which is a part of Nordic tradition of a wide access to information. The first country in the world which parliament issued an act concerning freedom of information – the Act regarding freedom of the press from year 1766 and early passingof the law which comprehensively regulated the issue of data protection. It was compared to the short experience of Poland that only in 1997 passed the appropriate law in the subject matter under discussion. Constitutional and statutory regulations and the institutions serving personal data protection in both countries were collated with each other. The article was to show the legitimacy of comparative studies in the subject of personal data protection, the development that took place in both countries and the progressing process of unifying the legislation of the European Union which is significantly expressed in the legislation of the Member States.

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