AKUSTYCZNA ANALIZA SAMOGŁOSEK NAZALIZOWANYCH I NOSOWYCH
Acoustic analysis of Polish nasalised and nasal vowels

Summary/Abstract: The paper presents the preliminary results of an acoustic analysis of nasality in Polish nasalised and nasal vowels (“ę”, “ą” – IPA symbols: /ɛ̃/ and /ɔ̃/). Two methods of analysis were employed. One was based on the three-dimensional articulatory model developed by Birkholz [Birkholz 2016] and applied to study the influence of the cross-sectional area of the velopharyngeal port on the vocal tract transmission function and the output sound characteristics. The other object of the research was to study the nasality over time variation during articulation of nasalised and nasal vowels, spoken in word-medial or final positions. The analysis was done on the signals recorded with the use of Separator Handle from Nasalance System [Glottal 2011], enabling dual-channel registration of nasal and mouth signals. The nasalance analysis script, as well the spectra and formants, were processed in PRAAT system [Boersma P., Weenink, D. 2016]. The asynchronous realisation of nasality of Polish vowels was confirmed. The nasal Polish vowels are composed of two segments: a short one – an oral segment followed by a longer one, vocalic nasal glide of gradually increasing nasality. The analysis of the infl uence of the opening of the velopharyngeal port on perceived nasality shows that its cross-sectional area in case of nasal vowels is much weaker than for nasal consonants. The effect of the observed increasing vocalic nasality is mainly due to transient tongue movements from the vowel configuration to the confi guration of the following consonant. This is evident from the analysis of formant frequency movements.

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