Tradiţie şi modernitate. Pictura din sud-estul Transilvaniei la sfârşitul secolului al XIX-lea şi începutul secolului al XX-lea
Tradition and Modernity. The Painting in South Eastern Transylvania at the End of the 19th Century and the Beginning of the 20th Century

Summary/Abstract: Tradition and Modernity. The Painting in South Eastern Transylvania at the End of the 19th Century and the Beginning of the 20th Century. For Transylvania, as well as for the entire Europe, the 19th century was a time of great changes in the conception man's place in society. These changes also affected the field of art, which was fighting to impose its new role in society. In the condition of a multicultural area, in southeastern Transylvania, the phenomena of the 19th century were even more complicated. The three cohabitant nationalities perceived this situation in different ways, according to their own expectations. The Germans developed a collective anguish concerning their future because they were afraid to be overnumbered in their own cities and because of the perspective to belong to either Hungary or Romania, which could have affected their administrative autonomy. The Romanians and the Hungarians were fighting exactly for one of the specified unions. Thus, the feelings of fear and insecurity were reflected in southeastern Transylvanian art due to historical reality. At the end of the 19th century Transylvanian painting underwent the impact of European modern trends. In southeastern Transylvania the most important artistic center was Sibiu. The supremacy would be taken by Braşov during the first decade of the 20th century. The study points out the conditions and the way in which the modern trends were received by the artists during their training in the important artistic centers of Central Europe, mostly in Munich, Vienna, Berlin, Rome and then implemented on their work and activity. The features that characterize the artistic life in Central Europe can be also traced, in a certain measure, in Transylvanian art, proving that this region received the influences of European artistic movements of the time.

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