Runas verbu semantiskā saistāmība oriģināltekstā un tulkojumā
Semantic Relatedness of Speech Verbs in and Original Text and Its Translation

Summary/Abstract: The choice of a problem for the present research is related to the topicality of investigating the issues of semantic peculiarities and relatedness of speech verbs in Latvian linguistics. Such research was initiated in the 1980s by the linguist I. Freimane who addressed the importance of making a comprehensive study of speech verbs.The significant organizing function of verb in the semantic structure of a sentence and the system of language is generally agreed upon. It is often emphasized in linguistics that the semantic structure of verb is characterized by receptivity, broadness, and flexibility that determine the syntactical potencies of verb. The notion of the meaning of verb is inseparable from its ability to connect to other words, besides words with similar or equal semantics share both common semantic features and typical connection and functionality.Contemporary linguistics demonstrates particular interest in the issues of verb valence for several reasons. On the one hand, it is related to the formation of lexicalized grammar and complex dictionaries reflecting the valent features of words; on the other, it is grounded by the elaboration of software tools for automatic language analysis and information acquisition. Special attention is attributed to research that analyses the verb valence in text. In this case, peculiarities of verb valence are located not intuitively and by generalization, but on the basis of concrete usage examples that clearly indicate the determining factors of word valence.The excerpted Russian-Latvian parallels show that usually in the regarded texts (A. Chekhov’s stories and their translations into Latvian) speech verb is modified by a single adverb; sporadically speech verbs are related to several adverbs. The produced analysis reveals that the relatedness of speech verbs to an adverb skaļi (‘loudly’) is represented in a more numerous way, that clearly bring out loudness as a pragmatically essential feature of speech. Semantically adverbs mainly characterize speech verbs with a generalized meaning, thus attributing to the narrative not only notional concreteness but also emotionally expressive connotations.

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