STATYSTYKA MAŁYCH OBSZARÓW A ZARZĄDZANIE JAKOŚCIĄ
SMALL AREA STATISTICS AND QUALITY MANAGEMENT

Summary/Abstract: The author begins with a discussion of the main factors affecting the efficiency of decision-making, and in particular the quality of the information used, the models applied and the knowledge of decision-makers in the field of the implementation. First, the acronym GIGO (“garbage in garbage out”) used in computer science is considered , expressing the impact of the relationship between the quality of the information used in the model, and their outcome, and then the Box aphorism about the usefulness of models (“All models are wrong but some are useful“) is discussed. Particular attention is paid to the statistics of small areas, discussing their sources, sizes, and mainly their quality, giving the current definition of data quality. Next, the author presents development of estimation methods for small areas, apart from mathematical formulas and limited to the presentation of some flowcharts. He discusses the role of small area statistics in quality management because of their growing importance, focusing on the evaluation of their quality, which is of particular importance when making decisions. In conclusion the importance of simple solutions for understanding the results is emphasized.

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