La conjonction et les autres mots vides : syntaxe structurale et psychomécanique du langage
Conjunction and other empty words: structural and psychomechanical syntax of language

Summary/Abstract: This article provides not only an expansion of the concepts of empty words, and more particularly the conjunction, but also a more complex conception of parts of speech, which are called, in the theory of structural syntax of L. Tesnière, grammatical tools. On one hand, the proposed analyzes introduce the distinction between intrasentence connectionsfor items that coordinate the linguistic units less complex than the sentence, andintersentence connections for items that serve as introducers of the statement and unite the whole sentences. Moreover, the operations of connection and translation converge towards a new mechanism referring to two types of stemmas and two levels of discourse analysis:– A first level corresponds to the outer structural design whose convertor acts on the transferend. The center of the operation is a lexical item that remains a sentence per se. We call this syntactic process endo-stemma.– A second level corresponds to the internal structural design whose convertor does not act anymore on the transferend. The center of the operation is a lexical item that is additionally a sentence. We call this syntactic process ecto-stemma. Finally, it turns out that we can consider the translation-subordination as a semantic reduction. The subordinating convertor, as a tool designer of this operation, is namedsemantic reducer. In the subordinate clause, the intervention of the convertor requires the reduction of several « sémanthèses » (those referring to the words that constitute the subordinate clause) to a single lexical one.

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