Kritički osvrt na teorijske pristupe definisanja pojma ranih civilizacija sa akcentom na teoriju o hidrauličnim društvima
Critical review of the theoretical approaches to defining the concept of early civilizations with emphasis on the theory of hydraulic societies

Summary/Abstract: This paper has as a starting point a theoretical discussion of anthropological pioneers on the definition of early societies, which are in line with the general scientific trends of the time. Nineteenth-century theories of human societies represent the first attempt to classify the scientific understanding of the early societies that are engaged in anthropology, archeology and related disciplines. These first tentative steps, regardless of the elements that are now obsolete, laid the foundation for defining the basic concepts of humanities-such as the notion of civilization and complex societies. Further development of anthropological theory leads to the first comparative studies of early civilizations and at that point in the text is given special emphasis on the work of Karl Wittfogel and the hypothesis of a hydraulic societys as societys developed along river courses. As an example, in which are demonstrated the characteristics and shortcomings of the aforementioned theory is taken society of ancient Egypt developed along the Nile.

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