Теоретичні підходи до сутності та класифікації основних засобів
Theoretical approaches to the nature and classification of fixed assets

Summary/Abstract: Subject of research is fixed assets which are the object of accounting. Aim of research is specification of notion «fixed assets» and classification of fixed assets, as well as determination of peculiarities of interpretation in compliance with normative legal documents. Methodology of work performance. The work is performed on the results of analyzing modern local and foreign views on the economic essence of notion «fixed assets» and their classification in accounting in accordance with the Regulation (Standard) of Accounting No 7 «Fixed Assets» and Tax Code of Ukraine. Work results. The author generalized the methodological grounds of reflecting information about fixed assets in accounting, analyzed approaches to interpreting economic essence of fixed assets in accounting and provided classification of fixed assets in the modern economic conditions. Branch of application of results. Problems of accounting fixed assets are essential for most enterprises in connection with the necessity to receive immediate and trustworthy information regarding condition, progress, update and efficiency of using fixed assets by owners, creditors and investors. Fixed assets are inseparable constituents of any enterprise playing an important role in the economic processes. Thus, absence of unified approach to the determination of notion «fixed assets», as well as its reflection in the accounting legislation of Ukraine is the problem requiring wider research. Conclusions. Therefore, there is no unified approach to the determination of notion fixed assets; the term «fixed assets» is used for the purposes of accounting and the term «capital funds» is used for the purposes of taxation. Fixed assets constitute material basis for any entrepreneurial activities. Any economic operation may not be performed without fixed assets. Accounting is organized in accordance with typical classifications of fixed assets for the determination of their single grouping in accounting.

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