YAPIT ÇÖZÜMLEMESİNDE TOPLUMELEŞTİRİ, YAZIN TOPLUMBİLİMİ YÖNTEMLERİ VE LUCİEN GOLDMANN’IN OLUŞUMSAL YAPISALCILIĞI
METHODS OF SOCIOCRITICS, THE SOCIOLOGY OF LITERATURE IN THE ANALYSIS OF TEXTS AND LUCIEN GOLDMANN’S GENETIC STRUCTURALISM

Summary/Abstract: Since new structures become compulsory in this new situation, which govern and lead the society, become inevitable. Despite of the efforts of enabling different economic systems into the global arena, superiority of capitalist system over others is an undeniable fact. This system changes and corrupts the nature of human beings and the relationships in society. From now on, mankind strives to gain materialistic achievements. This mentality, which dominates in the society, is reflected in art and literature. Methods and doctrines, which reflect the realities of the time, have been developed with the influence of this reflection and literary products have been considered in this context. Marxist and sociological criticism methods are added to the approaches, which have been employed and developed for the criticism of literary genres. Lucien Goldmann's method called genetic structuralism, which is based on sociology, aims to analyse the work by considering the realities of the society. Goldmann claims that in comparison with the ancient societies, today's societies lose their merits and they strive unnecessarily to find them. The protagonist, representative of this quest in the novel, has a problematical personality due to the society he lives in and inevitably his quest is a disappointment. Our study aims to provide an understanding to the comprehension part, which includes determination of inner facts in the text in the criticism process of the work and to the explanation part which includes connections of external structures with the problem in the work and also it is aimed to introduce the criticism method of Goldmann.

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