Le Calaisis anglais de 1347 à 1558 : un territoire d’exception
The English Calais from 1347 to 1558: a Territory of Exception

Summary/Abstract: The English Calaisis from 1347 to 1558, a pied-à-terre for the English, occupied a privileged place on the regional as well as the European level. Despite land borders more or less stable, this continental island is conquered for a long period of time from 1347 to 1558. The capture of Calais and the sacrifice of the Six Bourgeois remain in the popular imagery a very striking fact. Apart from the recovery of Ardres in the fourteenth century and two unsuccessful attempts of recovery in the fifteenth by the French, the English settled for more than two centuries in this Calaisian retreat. Once established in the Pale, the English ensure the military, economic and administrative management; They built several fortified areas in Calais, Gaines and Hames and small forts; They created new waterways, endowed the city with institutions and struck a common currency on the whole of this small piece of English land. In 1363, the creation of the Stage of Wool did not produce the expected effects and the situation deteriorated despite the birth of a revival in the time of Henry VIII. The recovery of 1558 by the Duke of Guise put an end to this long presence, the Calaisis playing over time the role of a true "diplomatic boulevard" at a time when the sea becomes a link and a place of confrontation and where the modern States are imposing themselves more and more.

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