Contextul dezvoltării culturii și artei la sfârșitul secolului al XIX-lea și începutul secolului XX în Imperiul Habsburgic
The Development Context of Culture and Art in the Late Nineteenth Century and Early Twentieth Century in the Habsburg Empire

Summary/Abstract: Author argues that it is a mistaken approach to thematize modernity on the basis of a national system of notions, consequently there are no clear „Austrian,” „Hungarian,” or „Romanian” modern patterns at that time in history. Modernity should be perceived as a network of diverse phenomena by showing controversial tendencies from time to time, but modernity as such is not a simplified cultural notion, nor a harmonised school of style, thus the simplifying definition of modernity is catched in only one word which is a daring cultural historical apprehension. Simultaneously, modernity must be treated in a European context since cultural communication and exchange of ideas was pan-European. Nor should one, besides, forget about the knowledge-sociological backgrounds of modernity, its being included in a characteristic socio-economic activity. Author argues that there was a specific part of art, culture and science that were established beyond the borders of Austria and Hungary. Moreover culture and art not only repeatedly goes beyond the borders of a territory, a language, a state, a people, a nation, a region, culture and art also continually exceeds its own limitations as a knowledge-producing regime. By the example of the Romanian elits who were fighting for their emancipation within the Austro Hungarian monarchy author proves the power of political culture.

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