Инновация систематической теории и пути к социалистической рыночной экономике: Судьбы и себестоимость в сопоставлении исследований Китая и Советского Союза
Innovation of Systematic Theory and Roads to Socialist Market Economy: Fate and Cost in Comparison of China and the Soviet Union

Summary/Abstract: There are three basic principles of Karl Marx’s theory of traditional socialism: the elimination of private ownership and the bourgeois, the abandonment of market economy. In spring of 1921 Soviet Russia began to implement the New Economic Policy (NEP), which had contradiction with the three principles of traditional socialism due to the use of market economic mechanisms: 1. Market economy=capitalism? 2. Socialism=public ownership? 3. Private owners and managers=bourgeois=should be eliminated? Lenin only had a half theoretical innovation on the topic of whether market economy=capitalism, leaving the two and a half theoretical questions, the market economy is still considered as capitalism, the NEP had been cast away. After China Socialism Market Economic Reforms in 1978, Chinese government made a systematic theoretical innovation to two and a half theoretical questions left by Lenin. Thus, Chinese market economy got legitimate socialistic identity, and from then on it developed rapidly. However, systematic theoretical innovation needs to pay cost. Chinese Cultural Revolution started in 1966, which continued a decade made China pay the cost of comprehensive unrest in all areas of society. Finally, “the road of Cultural Revolution can not be allowed to continue” that almost became the consensus of all people and Communist Party of China, which provided a thorough preparation for carrying out a systematic theoretical innovation. In comparison, Soviet War Communism was a partial crisis occurred in the economic sphere and peasantry, so it became a wide consensus of Soviet Communist Party and society to continue to still follow the traditional road of socialism, resulting in the lack of conditions for theoretical innovation.

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