Wybrane stawonogi tworzące wyrośla na drzewach i krzewach
Selected arthropods creating cecidia on trees and shrubs

Summary/Abstract: Galls (cecidia) are abnormal outgrowths that appear on different plant parts as a result of plant tissue development. They are caused by bacteria, fungi, nematodes, Acari and mostly insects. Galls are also caused by the substances released by insects which stimulate the excessive growth of tissues. The forms of galls and their location on the plant are specific for respective folivores species, namely the gall-makers. The paper discusses organisms causing galls on Deciduous and Coniferous trees and shrubs; e.g., gall mites (Eriophyidae), plant lice (Aphididae), gallflies (Cynipidae), gall midges or gall gnats (Cecidomyiidae), longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae), clearwing moths (Sesiidae), woolly conifer aphids (Adelgidae) and tortrix moths or leafroller moths (Tortricidae).

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