Cuvânt şi imagine în viaţa clujeană de la începutul secolului al XX-lea
Word and image in the life of the citizens from Cluj at the beginning of the 20th century

Summary/Abstract: We consider nowadays the 20th century as the most contradictory and unsettled period in the history of the entire world culture. The cultural traditions of a certain nation strongly connect the creations and practices of the past with the present societies. The future of a society depends largely on how the cultural history is interpreted. The cultural legacy of a nation is be kept alive thanks to its values which have a large influence on its future, inspired by other civilisations or cultures with which it comes into contact. The Romanian cultural identity, which is constantly in a change, keeps a strong and close connection with its previous historical events. Founded in the 13th century, the city of Cluj is considered to be the most important cultural and religious centre, the capital of the region of Transylvania. The great union which took place on the 1st December 1918 had implications of great importance for the whole country, with a significant economic growth. In Cluj, the authorities took a series of economic and social measures, including the introduction of the Romanian language as the official language in the State administration and the establishment of Romanian schools and cultural institutions, while ensuring the good functioning of schools with a Hungarian profile. The urban development in Cluj was continuously ascending, becoming one of the most important centres in the country. After the completion of great union, the building which had belonged to the National Theatre for the Hungarian people since 1906 became the Romanian National Theatre on the 1st of October 1919. However, the Hungarian artistic life took place without any obstacles even after the union. After becoming the political centre in the region of Transylvania, the city of Cluj would become the most important place in the northwest for the literary life. In the period between the two World Wars, more than 300 journals were published weekly or monthly in Cluj. After the historical 1918 union, the Museum of Transylvania in Cluj was under the control of the Romanian state. The Fine Arts School in Cluj completed its cultural landscape, having an important contribution to the popularization of fine arts, as well as increasing the number of artists. Therefore, the first half of the 20th century is rightly regarded as the golden age of Romanian culture, which reached its highest level of international affirmation during that period.

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