BIOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF PERSONALITY: “NATURE VERSUS NURTURE” IN THE FIVE-FACTOR MODEL OF PERSONALITY
BIOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF PERSONALITY: “NATURE VERSUS NURTURE” IN THE FIVE-FACTOR MODEL OF PERSONALITY

Summary/Abstract: This review article presents the solution to the issues of heritability and the environment in different theoretical approaches to the five-factor model of personality (lexical, questionnaire—NEO model, evolutionary, socioanalytic and dyadic-interactional). While the authors of the five-factor model of personality and of the NEO model McCrae and Costa are convinced of the biological basis of personality characteristics and their independence of environmental influences, the evolutionary and socioanalytic approaches take into account the interaction of biological and social determinants in creating personality characteristics. Although supporters of the five-factor model of personality agree that the personality is best characterized by Neuroticism (Emotional Stability), Extraversion, Openness to Experience (Intellect), Agreeableness and Conscientiousness, their opinions differ in whether personality characteristics are created independently of environmental effects or in the interaction between the environment and innate factors.

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