Pięć stadiów żałoby w odzie I 24 Horacego
Five Stages of Grief in Horace’s Ode I 24

Summary/Abstract: Long before modern psychologists classified and explained the five stages of grief, the Roman poet Horace gave an instuitive portrayal of these stages in his Ode 1 24, which was written after the death of his friend Quintilius Varus. In this poem, Horace with great accuracy describes the consecutive phases of grief, which are nowadays defined as depression, denial, bargaining, anger and acceptance.

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