MOBILITY: TRANSHUMANTS OR IMMIGRANTS?
MOBILITY: TRANSHUMANTS OR IMMIGRANTS?

Summary/Abstract: The kurgan investigated at Sarretudvari-Or-halom in the Alfold (the Hungarian Plain) was constructed in two phases, while the eight burials underneath the kurgan represent three burial phases. The 1 sigma calibrated radiocarbon dates for the kurgan span the Late Copper Age, the Copper Age/Bronze Age transition and the Early Bronze Age 1 period according to the conventional sub-division used in Hungarian prehistoric studies, which can be correlated with the local Bolerâz and Baden cultures, followed by the Mako, and the immigrant Coţofeni III, pre-Yamnaya, Yamnaya and Late Yamnaya cultures. The grave goods accompanying the burials could be assigned to the Late Yamnaya, the Coţofeni III, the Mako and the Transylvanian Livezile-Bedello groups. The archaeological assessment of the burials and the results of their stable isotope analysis were published earlier; here we seek an interpretation for the archaeologically obvious links between the local groups and the Transylvanian and Pontic cultures.

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