La question de Dieu dans la littérature Française du xxe siècle
The question of God in French literature of the twentieth century

Summary/Abstract: The end of the 19th century was marked by the rise of ideologies hostile to the Christian faith. Unbelief generally affected cultural and literary activity, with a few exceptions. Militant atheism marked the 20th century. The sense of the absurd – reinforced by the tragedies of history – largely fuelled literature from Sartre to Camus, including Beckett. Surrealism was a rebellion against both the established order and God. Some statements were blasphemous. The temptation of Immoralism was often expressed in those works. Literary rules were questioned. Literature tried to find its way between aesthetic formalism, protest, the challenge of artistic and linguistic codes, and its own self-destruction. For lack of transcendence, art, politics, love or adventure were sacralised. Many writers, atheist humanists, committed themselves to Communism. However, some great Christian writers have resisted.

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