Rreth togfjalëshave të qëndrueshëm në gjuhën shqipe
About Sustainable Phrases in Albanian Language

Summary/Abstract: There have been different theoretical approaches and interpretations about the concept “set phrase” (and expression) in Albanian linguistics. The aim of this paper is to represent some of these theoretical grounds. The study of several types of set phrases (including idioms as well) is important since they refer to a special part of every language under analysis. These units function as words by assigning a unique concept, object or phenomenon and being marked as separate entities. Their study is conceptualized by taking into consideration not only their content as lexical units, but also on their structure and function, as syntactic units. Here are specifically mentioned the contributions of some Albanian scholars Spiro Floqi, Androkli Kostallari, Jani Thomai, Menella Totoni, etc., which are theoretically based on their fields of study, respectively, syntax, word formation, lexicology and semantics. Significant research on the domain have already established the theoretical ground from both lexical- grammatical and lexical- semantic approaches by identifying common and distinctive features of these units in rapport with other linguistic units. Still, the concept about phraseology sometimes is broader and sometimes not. In trying to define the boundaries of phraseology, we are mentioning some of the main principles, which are more or less accepted as tendencies by our scholars. The following tendencies are itemized from their ideas: phraseology is considered as a separate branch of linguistics and not as part of lexicology; phraseology deals with a subsystem of language and not with isolated phraseological units; phraseology is concerned with all kinds of set phrases; set phrases fall into three main classes (idioms: bëj pallë, i jap dum; phraseological and phraseomatic units or collocations: bëj durim, jap urdhër; and border- line cases); the main distinction between these classes is semantic: phraseological idioms have fully or partially transferred meanings, while components of phraseomatic units and collocations are used in their literal meanings; phraseological and phraseomatic units are not considered as word-equivalents but some of them are treated as word correlates; they are set phrases and their stability distinguishes them from free phrases and compound words; they are made up of words whose status depends on the type of phrase where they are used; their structural separateness, an important factor of their stability, distinguishes them from compound words; others issues of their stability are: stability of use, lexical stability and semantic stability; stability of use means that set phrases are reproduced as ready- made units, they are not elements of individual style of speech; lexical stability means that the components of set phrases are either irreplaceable or partly replaceable within the boundaries of phraseological or phraseomatic variance; semantic stability, on the other hand, is based on the lexical stability of set phrases, even when occasional changes occur the meaning of the the phrase is preserved, it may only be specified, made more precise, weakened or strengthened; in other words, despite of these changes, phraseological and phraseomatic units, as distinguished from free phrases, remain semantically invariant or are destroyed. We have to mention that most of these principles are also influenced by Russian linguistics. All of these ideas contribute to the method of phraseology identification which helps to single out set phrases in Albanian.

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