Rize Güneyce Osmân Niyâzî Efendi Tekke Kütüphanesi El Yazması ve Matbu Eserlerin Tespiti ve Değerlendirilmesi
The Determination and Consideration of Manuscript and Printed Books of Rize Guneyce Osmān Niyāzī Efendi Tekke Library

Summary/Abstract: This study is about the determination and consideration of the works kept in Sheikh Mosque which is already a historical tekke (dervish lodge) mosque in Guneyce village, in Ikizdere County, in Rize. Sheikh Osmān Niyāzī Efendi (1828-1909), one of Ahmed Ziyauddin Gumuşhānevī’s caliphs, constituted a library containing manuscript and printed books in his tekke. When this library went to pieces in the process of time, the remained books were kept in a room under the tekke mosque. These books of the library that was founded by his own devotions of Sheikh Osmân Niyâzî Efendi, are largely about religious sciences. Though most of the books were printed, there are certain amount of handwritten manuscripts. These works that are not reachable easily because of the location of the mosque have been perishing very fast because of the humid climate of the region and the insects. This study is necessary because the count and the list of the books in the library have not been published yet. So, a study of consideration and determination was conducted by examining all the manuscripts and printed books kept in the mosque.An important part of the foundations established in the Ottoman Empire are educational activities. Since the libraries were indispensable for their scientific studies, foundations were also involved in this area. For the Ottoman geography, within the bounds of possibility a library has been tried to be built beside the madrasahs or in the dergahs. Especially in the nineteenth century, in the countryside the number of the libraries is increasingly important in terms of the recognition of the richness of the library, being known in scientific works and the drawing of students.In the nineteenth century, Naqshibandī Sheikh Ahmed Ziyāuddīn Gumushhānawī who as a person of a religious order gave importance to the study of science, established a printing press in Istanbul with his own possibilities. Apart from the foundation library in Istanbul which was established by donating 500 gold, he has also installed three more libraries in the Black Sea Region (Rize, Bayburt and Of). It is estimated that Gumushhanawī has dedicated a total of 18,000 books to these libraries. Sheikh Osman Niyāzi Efendi (1828-1909), one of the deputies of Sheikh Efendi who was appointed as trustee to these libraries in the Black Sea Region, created a library in the village of Guneyce in Rize's Ikizdere district. In addition, this work is based on the detection of the books found in the mentioned library in Guneyce. Founded by Sheikh Osman Niyāzi Efendi, this library was located on the upper floor of the mosque known as Sheikh Mosque; but according to the information obtained from the mosque officials, the artifacts that had gone to pieces in the course of time had been retained in a room under the tekke mosque. It is understood from this information that Osman Niyāzi Efendi had preserved these books in the rooms inside the mosque where he did not have a separate library building for the books. These books, which have been dedicated by Osman Efendi personally, are mainly related to religious sciences. There is a certain amount of manuscripts in addition to printed books that are in majority. Many of these books have the Osman Niyazi Efendi's library foundation seal. The books in the library were recorded in the library book (still exist) prepared by Fershād Efendi, one of Osman Niyāzi Efendi's deputies. In the near future Ismail Kara has made a new list of books in the library and made a comparison with this book. Both the library book and the lists created by Kara are kept in the library like other books and it makes difficult to access the contents of the books. It is also understood that the library is not interested enough due to its location and difficulties of access. Even though the mosque imams have been trying to preserve these books, there is a great damage caused by not using the books as well as the damages stemmed from the region’s humid climate and pests. In addition to this, many attempts to re-bind the books to prevent defacement have caused some other destructions, such as the corruption of the original pages and giving the wrong name to the books. It has been determined that the numbers of leaves and even marginal nots are cut off in some new bound books.155 books were registered in the library book prepared by Fershād Efendi. These books are Tafsīr, ʿAqā’id, Fiqh, Sufism, Hadīth, Uṣūl al-fiqh, Naḥv, Maʿānī, Ṣarf, Logic and Lugāt. As you can see, these books are the sources for the lessons taught at the tekke and the madrasahs. There are 142 books in 183 volumes on Ismail Kara's list. As far as we know, there are 147 books in the library today in 251 volumes. In these books, there are totally 32 volumes of manuscripts along with a manuscript library book. In a special wooden crate there is also the Qur’an (thirty full part). The remaining 219 are composed of stone prints and printed works. 171 of these books are new volume, while the others (one of them is the Qur’an in the crate) are in the volume of the period.Thirty-one manuscripts in the library are arranged according to their artwork and physical conditions of them are explained in detail. When the record of the book was written, a sequence of author, title, language, copyright date, if available re-writing date, number of leaf, number of rows, and size were followed. In some of these books, the author's name, copyright date, date of re-writing and number of leaflets could not be determined. These are indicated by putting a question mark (?). Apart from the printed and handwritten works found and compared in our work, the books which are not found in the library books are listed in a table. According to this table, 56 books were found in 64 volumes. It is understood that most of the books on the table were added to the library by Fershād Efendi in the period after the book classification. Apart from this, some of the books have been named different because of new binding.In this study, it was aimed to present the valuable books for the education of madrasah and tekke culture, which are not known to anyone other than a limited number of people in a remote Black See village, to be brought to the service of researchers. However, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive study on the other three libraries established by the efforts of Gumushhānawī other than this library. Most of the books that are dedicated to other libraries are unknown. Since our work on the identification of these precious books is not sufficient, it is necessary to move the books to a safe and accessible atmosphere by observing the foundation conditions and to carry out microfilm transfer process promptly. There are a lot of manuscripts and printed books in various villages, towns and cities of Anatolia which are unregistered, unrecognized and unknown by the academia. It is also essential that these books have to be recorded in the places where they are found and gain national awareness.

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