Podmiotowość i tożsamość jako źródła obywatelskości
Subjectivity and Identity as Sources of Citizenship

Summary/Abstract: This article aims to show what constitutes a source of citizenship. Citizenship is defined as a set of postulated and highly promoted set of features describing pro-active behaviour and work for the common good. Citizenship can be expressed in various ways: participation, or taking part in the governing process; as well as actions with direct legal consequences. The author shows that the above can have two sources, namely subjectivity and identity. Such features are neither acquired nor given: they originate from within human nature, which is different in case of each and every individual. It is also a perfect basis for shaping desirable civic characteristics in individuals. The protection of this nature, referred to in Polish legislation also as “dignity”, is embedded in the Polish legal system (Article 30 of the Constitution of Poland). This article analyses a number of connections between human nature, its derivatives, as well as both individual and collective citizenship and, finally, legislation. In the process, the article outlines the philosophical and anthropological sources of civic virtues.

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