XIX a. pabaigos lietuvių medicinos terminijos šaltinių ir jų terminų apžvalga
Review of the sources of Lithuanian medical terminology and their terms at the end 19th century

Summary/Abstract: Although at the end of the 19th century it was forbidden to print using Latin script, there was nevertheless a growth in the publishing and distribution of Lithuanian periodical and non periodical publications. Typical of this type of publishing was medical booklets, newspapers and calendars addressing medical questions.At the end of the 19th century 25 medical booklets were published in Lithuanian. The majority of them were published in Lithuania Minor (in Tilžė). A few books were published in other towns in Lithuania Minor (Bitėnai, Priekulė) and also in America (Shenandoah, New York, Chicago). These booklets were published in two different types of script: Latin (designed for Lithuania Major) and Gothic (designed for Lithuania Minor). The majority of the books were in Latin script. Some booklets were original, others were translations (the majority). The translations were made from Russian, Polish and German languages. Booklets were written by Lithuanian doctors (Jonas Basanavičius, Stasys Matulaitis, Adomas Sketeris, Jonas Šliūpas, Antanas Vileišis) and other Lithuanian intellectuals (Juozas Adomaitis-Šernas, Martynas Jankus, Juozas Tumas-Vaižgantas, Petras Vileišis). Adolf Richter’s booklet Der Kranken-Freund (Ligonių prietetius) was very popular. This booklet was translated from German between 1878 and 1898 and went through 21 editions.Fifteen newspapers published during the period 1883–1899 in Lithuania Minor and America (Aušra, Lietuviškasis Balsas, Tėvynės Sargas, Ūkininkas, Varpas, Vienybė Lietuvninkų, Žemaičių ir Lietuvos Apžvalga and others) contained more than 150 articles on the subject of medicine and related subjects. Articles were written by well known medical doctors and Lithuanian community leaders Petras Avižonis, Jonas Basanavičius, Kazys Grinius, Vincas Kudirka, Stasys Matulaitis, Adomas Sketeris, Jonas Šliūpas, Antanas Vileišis and others.Fifteen almanacs published during the period 1883–1899 in Lithuanian Minor contained much about health and treatments.Lithuanian medical publications covered a wide and varying range of topics. They explained in a popular way various issues of various fields of medical science (obstetrics, gynaecology, paediatrics, epidemiology, aetiology, hygiene, sanitation, surgery, traumatology and venereology) and related sciences (anatomy, bacteriology, physiology, pharmacology).Medical terminology and terminology related to medicine was abundant in these publications. The majority of those terms are still used as official medical terms. They are inheritances universally used in the common language and international terms. Certain medical terms of this period – rare dialectisms and barbarisms – did not survive in written usage.

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