RAPORT PRELIMINAR ASUPRA INVESTIGAŢIILOR ARHEOLOGICE DE LA GLIGOREŞTI-„HOLOAME”, COM. LUNA, JUD. CLUJ (1994-1996)
PRELIMINARY REPORT CONCERNING THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATIONS FROM GLIGOREŞTI-„HOLOAME”, CLUJ DISTRICT (1994-1996)

Summary/Abstract: The archaeological excavations from Gligoreşti debuted in 1990 and the first results were published in 1994 (Gogâltan, Florea 1994). In the same year, systematic researches begun and the excavations are still continuing. Taking this into consideration and also the fact that the rich archaeological material has not been entirely analysed (approximately 10 000 objects have been inventoried, drawn and statistically counted) the present report will deal only with the problems, which have been solved until now. Therefore, we will present the site’s stratigrafy trying to explain the sequence of living from Gligoreşti-„Holoame”. The report will also contain the special literature dealing with the problem, the geographical location of the site, methodological considerations about the archaeological investigation of the site, the ways of analysing the archaeological material and some ideas about the chronology and the culture to which this site belongs. In order to understand the site’s stratigrafy, three sections S1/1994, S2/1995 and S3/1996 have been dug. The entire excavated surface covers 497,25 square meters. It is important to underline that the first communities, which lived on, the island situated on the junction zone between the rivers Arieş and Mureş belonged to the Late Neolithic period. The dating has been based on the imported materials such as: the painted ceramic fragments of the Lumea Nouă type and on the two vessels decorated with heads of musical notes. The utilization of the decoration with bitumen applied after burning characterizes the Late Neolithic material from Gligoreşti. From a cultural point of view it is more than probable that all these indicate a new group of population, which penetrated the centre of Transylvania. Iuliu Paul questioned the cultural and the chronological positioning of the discovered material and considered that these problems will be solved in the future. However, the using of the decoration with bitumen connects the above-mentioned population to those from the northwest Romania. After more that one millennium and the half, other communities have been attracted by this place. Is referring to a number of families belonging to the Coţofeni culture, which occupied a small zone on the hillock. The ceramic finds are numerous and Petre Roman has related representative and them to the Coţofeni IIb and IIIa fases. It would be fruitful to analyse in a separate research the regional phenomena of the Coţofeni culture in Transylvania. The discoveries from Gligoreşti seem to cover, together with those from Sebeş-„Râpa Roşie” a horizon before Câlnic.

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