Suudi Arabistan’daki Siyasal Ve Toplumsal Hareketlerin Gelişimini Etkileyen Faktörler
Factors Influencing the Development of Political and Social Movements in Saudi Arabia

Summary/Abstract: This study analyzes political and social opposition movements in Saudi Arabia, one of the most important political and economic actors in the Middle East. In the first part of the study, historical background which is the basis of political and social opposition movements in the country will be examined. The struggle for statehood and the processes of the nationstate and modernization paved the way for the emergence of both the official state discourse and opposition movements in the country. Factors that influence the development of political and social opposition movements in Saudi Arabia are the main subject of this study. In this context, the discovery and the usage of oil, the competition between pan-Islamism and pan- Arabism, the Iranian Islamic Revolution, the occupation of Kuwait and the Gulf War and September 11 attacks are examined as the main factors influencing opposition movements in Saudi Arabia. As a matter of fact, these factors, which are analyzed chronologically, indicate the political and economic history of the country. The impact of the Arab Spring of 2011 on Saudi Arabian politics and society is analyzed in the last part of the study. The last popular movements has changed the regional balances, especially those in the Arab world, will also influences Saudi Arabia. Therefore, the Saudi regime cannot escape from political and social change.

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