Хајдегерове метаполитике
Heidegger’s Metapolitics

Summary/Abstract: This paper examines Heidegger’s political engagement on the basis of the concept of meta-politics, which Heidegger for the first and only time introduced in his so-called “Black Notebooks”, written during his 1933/34 Rectorship at the Freiburg University. Through the concept of “metapolitics”, Heidegger attempts to deconstruct the modern politics by demanding that the theoretical reflections after Hitlerʼs takeover of power in national socialist Germany give priority to the (spiritual) action. Philosophical concepts thereby operate as a “weapon” in the struggle against modern democracy and are put into service of the German people, understood as “true community”, which is the only one capable to ask the question of the Being from the horizon of the “metaphysics as metapolitics”. Heidegger labelled his political engagement as a “spiritual National Socialism” and tried to implement it through the reshaping of the German educational institutions. Thus, one part of the paper will also examine his understanding of the education as a means of his political engagement. In conclusion, this paper strives to show the ambivalence, agonism and the messianism of Heideggerʼs philosophical conception of the politics, but also the unavoidable Antisemitism of his theoretical and political engagement.

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