ЗВ'ЯЗОК РАННІХ ПОВІСТЕЙ М. ГОГОЛЯ З УКРАЇНСЬКОЮ ФОЛЬКЛОРНОЮ ТРАДИЦІЄЮ ТА МОВОЮ
CONNECTION OF M. GOGOL’S EARLY TALES WITH UKRAINIAN FOLK TRADITION AND LANGUAGE

Summary/Abstract: Mykola Gogol – a classic of literature the most outstanding representative of the "Ukrainian school" in Russian literature, the founder of the socalled "Gogol" (socio-critical) realism. The article analyzes the impact of Ukrainian folklore and language in the early stories of the author, included in the collections "Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka" and "Mirgorod". "Evenings ..." – a kind of synthesis of various ideological and artistic principles. Collection has the features of romanticism, which in some cases close to the realistic depiction of reality. The peculiar feature of Gogol’s early works appeal to the genre of fairy tales, which is due to the interest in the nation and national identity literature. Scenes stories "Evenings ..." in its base is much broader than a true story, which focuses on entry. In the submitted scientific work the attention is accented to the symbols which are depicted by the author in earli collections: 1.folk image of road from pillar that already meet in the preface to the first book "Evenings ..." stands in folk poetry theme of fate. Hence, there is a symbolic understanding of the image of Dykanka - tune high road widens the boundaries of a provincial settlement to infinity; 2. assimilation of the woman with a bird, that screams (story "A Terrible Vengeance"); 3. assimilation of a battle to the regale. It is interesting the fact that the same metaphors we are meeting in the "Word about Ihor’s regiment." By the following works of Gogol and "Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka" traces the ideological ties, particularly noticeable in the collection "Mirgorod". By itself it emphasizes the subtitle "Tale, which is a continuation of" Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka". Ukrainian scientists Malanyuk and Dzyra affirmed that Moscow language was organically alien to Gogol, writer even managed to skillfully explain Ukrainian phrases, phraseologisms, sensory phenomen in Russian. Seen examples allow as to conside Gogol as a phenomen of Ukrainian culture and literature as well.

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