Европска унија и контрола извоза оружја: ограничења и перспективе
European Union and Arms Export Control: Limitations and Perspectives

Summary/Abstract: Arms export is a specific area with “two faces”. Firstly, arms export is a symbol of maintaining of a national military-industrial base of armaments, and therefore of the military forces that enable the security of the exporter country. Secondly, arms export indirectly contributes to security by providing the necessary equipment for military operations. Therefore, states strive to promote arms export. On the other hand, arms export can jeopardize the security of the state and its citizens, if it is used in offensive purposes. In that view, it is also necessary to control arms exports. Arms export and control thus represent a delicate balance between the promotion and limitation of exports. Although arms export is traditionnally subject of national competences, in the last decade acts have been adopted at the EU level with the aim of harmonizing national export control policies. The main question discussed in this paper is whether the process of Europeanisation has been established due to the adoption of acts at the EU level. In order to answer this question, special attention will be paid to the events called “Arab Spring”, and the action of the Мember States in this region. The article is divided as follows. First, the author deals with the concept of Europeanization. Second, the author analyses the arms exports regime at the EU level. Finally, the third part considers the implementation of the EU provisions on arms exports by the Member States. The author concludes that despite the adoption of EU-level acts in the field of arms export control, Europeanization did not occur. The adoption and implementation of EU-level acts related to the control of arms exports did not lead to a change in the expectations and action of the EU Member States towards more harmonized and restrictive arms export regime. Therefore, the arms export control is a reflexion of the domination of the material interests of EU Member States.

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