Internacionālismi, to sinonīmi un svešcilmes un pašcilmes priedēkļi
International verbs, their synonyms and prefixes of a native and a foreign origin

Summary/Abstract: The loanwords take up the considerable part of the lexicon. In this research the relations between the loan verbs, their native synonyms and prefixes of a foreign and a native origin are explored. Some international verbs are already prefixed before borrowing by the prefixes of Latin or Greek origin, other verbs are prefixed after borrowing. In this research the meaning of the prefixes re-, de-, in-, ko-, ad-, ab-, a-, eks-, sub-, pre-, pro- as a part of a stem of a borrowed verb is explored. Prefixes re- and de- are sometimes used in loan verb formation also in Latvian. The loan verbs can be affixed also by prefixes of a native origin. By exploring the loan verbs and their synonyms some connections between the prefixes of a different origin are detected. Not all meanings of the prefixes of a Latin origin are found in the borrowed verbs in Latvian. There is no direct equality between some prefix of a Latin origin and some prefix of a native origin in general, however there is equality in some meanings. The five groups of verbs can be distinguished: 1) both, the borrowed verb, and it’s synonym of a native origin have a prefix of a native origin; 2) the borrowed verb has a prefix of a foreign origin and a prefix of a native origin, but does not have a synonym of a native origin; 3) the borrowed verb already prefixed before borrowing, the native synonym has a prefix of a native origin; 4) the borrowed verb has a prefix of a foreign origin, the native verb has a prefix of a native origin; 5) the borrowed verb already prefixed before borrowing, the native synonym does not exist. All examples used in this research are from a single data source – the corpus of the transcriptions of the sessions of the Saeima (the Latvian parliament). It shows that both verbs of a foreign origin, and their synonyms of a native origin, are used on equal terms, which confirms a tight integration of the loan verbs in Latvian.

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