О времени появления горизонтального ткацкого станка у поволжских финнов
About the Time of the Appearance of the Horizontal Loom in the Volga Finns’ Material Culture

Summary/Abstract: The beginning of use of the horizontal loom in the Volga Finns' region is a very debatable question. The paper proposes a scheme of the development of Mari and Mordovians' textile skills during the Middle Ages based on the analysis of finished textile forms. The article studies possible types of looms used by the Volga Finns from the middle of I to the second half of II millennium AD. The authors conclude that the vertical loom was replaced by a horizontal loom first by the Mari (at the 12th—13th centuries), and then by the Mordovians — not earlier than in the 15th century. In addition, the article proposes a possible reconstruction of the vertical loom, which was in use.

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