Peisajul cultural: retrospectiva legislativă şi ştiințifică a conceptului
The cultural landscape: a retrospective of scientific and legal basis of concept

Summary/Abstract: THe content of the present article is positioned towards a dual analysis of the concept of cultural landscape, highlighting its scientific and legal framework retrospective. From the scientific point of view, following the systematization and synthesis of the material, we assigned the researches to five scientific schools: German, French, North American, Russian and Romanian, which have defined and developed the domain. THe German school is represented by the works of A. Humbold, K. Ritter, F. Ratzel, O. Schlüter. THe French school was developed by Paul V. Blache, A. Demangeon, P. Claval, M. Bloch, G. Bertrand, Y. Luginbühl; the North American school – by D. Lowenthal, Carl O. Sauer, D. E. Cosgrove, H. J. Fraser, T. Ingold, S. Schama; the Russian school – by V. Nikolaev, G. Sauşkin, N. Kaluțkova, I. Vedenin, and others. THe Romanian school, fortified by geography, has its representatives –C. Vert, P. Cocean, M. Dumitraşcu,M. Ielenicz. THe ethnographic aspect of the landscape is analyzed in the studies by V. Butură, I. Ghinoiu and L. David. THe reflection of the scientific retrospective of the concept makes it relevant to insist on the analysis of its legal status, which helps us to notice and understand the many situations in which it is used; it is legally protected and promoted. As a result, the cultural landscape has become a research object about a quarter century ago in the early 1990s, when the World Heritage Committee came to the conclusion that the cultural landscapes are important heritage properties. THerefore, in the meantime, the notion of cultural landscape becomes part of many legislative acts (the Burra Charter, European Rural HeritageObservation Guide – CEMAT), national and international conventions (the European Landscape Convention, the Faro Convention, Nara Document on Authenticity) and others.

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