DWADZIEŚCIA LAT TRANSFORMACJI USTROJOWEJ ROLNICTWA W POLSCE I W REPUBLICE FEDERALNEJ NIEMIEC
TWENTY YEARS AGRICULTURE STRUCTUR TRANSFORMATION IN POLAND AND GERMANY

Summary/Abstract: The legal and organizational transformations of ownership in agriculture in the new lands of the Federal Republic of Germany are an important part of the systemic transformation after 1989. Privatization and restructuring could not have taken place without any legal regulations. German agriculture had to face the challenge of adjusting the newly created holdings to the commonwealth law. Producers’ groups were established, the means of supporting breeding and production were changed. Additionally, the procedure of farmers’ applying for purchases of state terrains has gained new significance. The creation of new private agricultural holdings resulted in the changes in the employment structure of rural areas. What is more, the profitability of an average agricultural holding, which strives for higher and higher specialization, has changed. One must conclude that the convergence of structure in Western and Eastern Germany will progress. An analysis of the ownership transformation processes in new unionized countries of Germany shows that this is a long-lasting process, not a one time act. The process of agriculture’s restructuring from the terrains of former German Democratic Republic is neither easy, nor transient, and it does not always progress according to the assumptions of the government’s agricultural policy. Never-theless, it is faster and easier in relation to Poland and other post-communism countries.

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